Ingress Protection: Immersion Water Tests (IPX7 and IPX8)
The level of protection that an enclosure offers against invasions is tested through ingress protection testing. Submerging the equipment under test (EUT) under water is one method of performing an ingress protection test set. The Ingress Protection Code, or IP Code, rates these tests as IPX7 and IPX8.
The first number, denoted by the letter "X," goes from 0 to 6 and indicates how well a particle is protected. Tests with dust, fingers, and probes are examples of solid particles. In the event of the immersion ingress protection testing, the second number in the ingress protection code rating would always be a 7 or an 8.
The two immersion test types that are part of the ingress protection testing according to the IEC 60529 test standard are briefly described here.
IPX7 Testing:
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Submersion in up to one meter of water is the definition of IP X7 immersion testing.
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The criteria for the IPX7 waterproofness test is that water intrusion be deemed safe in small amounts. When the enclosure is submerged in water for a predetermined amount of time and pressure, this determination is made.
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Water at a specific temperature could be one of the specified requirements. It might also involve the use of other compounds or a liquid with a specific salinity.
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A product that has an IPX7 rating can pass this water ingress test.
IPX8 Testing:
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Immersion in more than one meter of water is the definition of IP X8 immersion testing.
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The manufacturer usually establishes the IPX8 waterproofness test specifications, which often entail:
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Under certain circumstances, the apparatus is appropriate for continuous submersion in water. The maker ought to specify these particular requirements.
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The apparatus is usually hermetically sealed. However, it may indicate that water can enter if specific equipment is used. If there is any liquid incursion, it should only happen in a way that doesn't hurt anything.
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Same as with IPX7 ingress testing, substances may be present in the liquid. It is also capable of being temperature-conditioned.
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The manufacturer specifies the length of the test.
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A product IPX8 rated is able to meet the requirements of this liquid enclosure test.
Procedure for IPX7 Immersion Testing:
1. Test Setup: Make sure the test device is ready by turning it off and making sure all ports and openings are tightly sealed with the appropriate gaskets, covers, or seals.
2. Water Tank: Fill a container or water tank with enough water to completely submerge the gadget without coming into contact with the tank's bottom.
3. Immersion: Drop the gadget gently into the water, ensuring sure it stays there for thirty minutes at a depth of one meter (3.3 feet). The device may need to be positioned in different ways during the test, according to certain test requirements (e.g., different angles).
4. Remove and Inspection: :After 30 minutes, take the gadget out of the water and give it a careful inspection to look for any evidence of water intrusion. Examine the internal components and external surfaces for water damage or moisture.
IPX8 Immersion Testing Procedure:
1. Test Setup: As with IPX7 testing, get the device ready for testing by making sure all ports and openings are sealed tightly. You'll also need a bigger water tank or container to allow for immersion below one meter.
2. Water Tank: Fill the larger tank or container with water to the depth required by the IPX8 rating standard, which is deep enough to fully submerge the device.
3. Immersion : Carefully lower the device into the water, making sure it stays submerged for the duration that the test standard specifies. The duration may vary depending on the specific IPX8 rating (e.g., continuous immersion for 1 hour or more).
4. Remove and Inspection: Once the allotted immersion time has passed, take the gadget out of the water and give it a careful check to look for any evidence of water intrusion. Inspect external surfaces and internal components for moisture build-up or water damage.
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IP Rating
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Degree of Protection Against
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Degree of Protection Against Water
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IP08
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Not Protected
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Immersion beyond 1 m
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IP18
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Solid object >50 mm
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Immersion beyond 1 m
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IP28
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Solid object >12.5 mm
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Immersion beyond 1 m
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IP38
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Solid object>2.5 mm
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Immersion beyond 1 m
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IP48
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Solid object>1 mm
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Immersion beyond 1 m
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IP58
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Dust protected
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Immersion beyond 1 m
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IP68
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Dust tight
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Immersion beyond 1 m
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IP07
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Not Protected
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Immersion up to 1 m
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IP17
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Solid object >50 mm
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Immersion up to 1 m
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IP27
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Solid object >12.5 mm
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Immersion up to 1 m
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IP37
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Solid object>2.5 mm
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Immersion up to 1 m
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IP47
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Solid object>1 mm
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Immersion up to 1 m
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IP57
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Dust protected
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Immersion up to 1 m
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IP67
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Dust tight
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Immersion up to 1 m
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